Power losses in electrical transmission are an inevitable part of electricity transport and are primarily categorized as technical losses. These can be further broken down into three main types:

• Resistive Losses (I²R losses): These are the most significant losses and occur when current flows through a conductor. Due to the inherent resistance of the conductor material, some electrical energy is converted into heat. This loss is directly proportional to the square of the current and the resistance of the conductor.

• Corona Losses: This type of loss happens in high-voltage overhead lines when the electric field strength around a conductor ionizes the surrounding air. This ionization causes a luminous discharge, producing a faint bluish glow, a hissing sound, and, most importantly, a continuous power loss. This effect is more pronounced at higher voltages and in humid or rainy weather.

• Reactive Losses: These losses are related to the inductive and capacitive properties of AC transmission lines. Inductive losses occur from magnetic fields generated by the AC current, while capacitive losses result from leakage currents. While they don't directly consume energy in the same way as resistive losses, they contribute to a higher total current flow, which in turn increases the resistive losses.